Extend stack_overflow_protection for lcd_move_e() and _lcd_level_bed() with
a refined method of 3050.

Expected behavior: After editing a value the menu should return to the
previous place with the edited item selected.
Actual behavior: Either the top (back) item from the previous screen is
selected, or the menu jumps up another level.
Solution: Pass the correct arguments to `lcd_goto_menu` on click when
editing a value.

Related to MarlinFirmware/MarlinDev#270

Apply `constrain`, `NOMORE`, `NOLESS` and `CRITICAL_SECTION` macros
wherever possible.

Based on #2860 - rebased for RCBugFix

Implement and test blinking for char-lcds

# Conflicts:
#	Marlin/ultralcd_implementation_hitachi_HD44780.h
solved

Fix crashes when the Z axis is moved via LCD
by calling `plan_buffer_line` only when there is enough room in the
planner buffer, to avoid endless recursion.
A brief description about what went wrong is in #1166

For some reason that I cannot determine, using a sub-function causes
the Tune sub-menu to act strangely, yet replacing the function call
with its code content works perfectly.

by alternate definition for the callback macros

Move slow_buttons_update into the LCD_UPDATE_INTERVAL block
lcd_implementation_read_slow_buttons() will then be executed ~10 times a
second.

Analog to https://github.com/MarlinFirmware/MarlinDev/pull/250 by
@RicardoGA

Restore the Babystep Multiplicator functionality and now it's available
for X/Y/Z

According to #123 negative values for XY at or below -100 are displaying incorrectly, dropping the first digit. Deltas can easily have XY values in this range. This PR adds a function to display floats/ints formatted like `_123`, `-123`, `_-12`, or `__-1` as appropriate and applies it to the XY coordinates on Hitachi displays. It also moves the Z value to the right to be consistent with the XY formatting.

Keep "astyled" reformatting

Replaces #145 which is way out of date

Fix a compile error introduced in #98

With the introduction of the #if ENABLED(…)

reads better than

- `SD_DETECT_PIN` replaces `SDCARDDETECT`
- `SD_DETECT_INVERTED` replaces `SDCARDDETECTINVERTED`
- Revise the description of `SD_DETECT_INVERTED`
- Add a note about the override of `SD_DETECT_INVERTED` in
`Conditionals.h`

- Rename the pin so it can be tested with `PIN_EXISTS`
- Fix some incorrect tests for `SDCARDDETECT`

For consistency with other pins, allowing use of `PIN_EXISTS` macro.

Apply `ENABLED` / `DISABLED` macros to LCD-related files.

The compiler may be able to optimize if it knows an array won’t be
changing.