aligned with marlin 2.0 gitgnore to support visual studio  community edition

PlatformIO can be used with VSCode.  VSCode creates a .vscode directory which should be ignored.

For compatibility with DevIoT, until that can be solved.

- move platformio.ini out of source directory to be more consistent with 'normal' PlatformIO usage
  - facilitates IDE integration
- add related .gitignores

Also added the new .pio-related directory to .gitignore, and a few ignores for those who use cmake.

Refer to http://git-scm.com/docs/gitignore
to see why this is appropriate

Move the .gitignore out of the Marlin subdirectory so it applies to
the whole tree, and add some missing patterns.

Signed-off-by: Ian Jackson <ijackson@chiark.greenend.org.uk>