- Add comments documenting `thermal_runaway_protection`
- Add an enum for the thermal runaway states
- Add macros for temperature helper functions
- Fix a glitch with the z probe sled in homeaxis

cardreader.cpp needs temperature.h for autotempShutdown() when
AUTOTEMP is defined but warns about unused variables.
Unpublished variables by putting them in to temperature.cpp.

- Reduce calls to millis()
- General cleanup of manage_heaters
- General cleanup of pid autotune
- Formatting here & there
- Macros to clean up and shrink ISR code (reduced by ~364 lines)

* Adds config parameter `PID_PARAMS_PER_EXTRUDER` - allows single PID
parameters to be used where this would be preferable (e.g. dual
identical extruders)
* When disabled, will use `float Kp, Ki, Kd, Kc;` as before.
Preprocessor macros used to switch between.
* ultralcd.cpp defines extra menus for extra parameters only where
required
* M301 reports `e:xx` only if independent pid parameters enabled
* EEPROM structure still leaves space for 3 extruders worth, when undef
will save single parameter to all extruder positions, but only read the
first
* Switching off saves approx 330 B with no LCD enabled, 2634B with LCD
(RRD) enabled: this is significant.
* LCD modifications should be tested.

* Variables Kp, Ki, Kd, Kc now arrays of size EXTRUDERS
* M301 gains (optional, default=0) E parameter to define which
extruder's settings to modify. Tested, works with Repetier Host's EEPROM
config window, albeit only reads/updates settings for E0.
* All Kp, Ki, Kd, Kc parameters saved in EEPROM (version now v14), up to
3 extruders supported (same as Marlin in general)

This feature allows the printer to read the filament diameter
automatically and adjust the printer in real time.  Added code to read
an analog voltage that represents a filament diameter measurement.  This
measurement is delayed in a ring buffer to compensate for sensors that
are a distance away from the extruder.  The measurement is used to
adjust the volumetric_multiplier for the extruder.  Some additional g
codes (M404, M405, M406, M407) are used to set parameters and turn
on/off the control. g code M221 is updated.  Pins for RAMPS1.4, RAMBO,
and Printrboard are identified for analog input.  The configuration file
is updated with relevant user parameters.

This is a feature to protect your printer from burn up in flames if it
has a thermistor coming off place (this happened to a friend of mine
recently and motivated me writing this feature).

The issue: If a thermistor come off, it will read a lower temperature
than actual. The system will turn the heater on forever, burning up the
filament and anything
else around.

After the temperature reaches the target for the first time, this
feature will start measuring for how long the current temperature stays
below the target minus _HYSTERESIS (set_temperature -
THERMAL_RUNAWAY_PROTECTION_HYSTERESIS).

If it stays longer than _PERIOD, it means the thermistor temperature
cannot catch up with the target, so something *may be* wrong. Then, to
be on the safe side, the system will he halt.

Bear in mind the count down will just start AFTER the first time the
thermistor temperature is over the target, so you will have no problem
if your extruder heater takes 2 minutes to hit the target on heating.

This is a feature to protect your printer from burn up in flames if it
has a thermistor coming off place (this happened to a friend of mine
recently and motivated me writing this feature).

The issue: If a thermistor come off, it will read a lower temperature
than actual. The system will turn the heater on forever, burning up the
filament and anything
else around.

After the temperature reaches the target for the first time, this
feature will start measuring for how long the current temperature stays
below the target minus _HYSTERESIS (set_temperature -
THERMAL_RUNAWAY_PROTECTION_HYSTERESIS).

If it stays longer than _PERIOD, it means the thermistor temperature
cannot catch up with the target, so something *may be* wrong. Then, to
be on the safe side, the system will he halt.

Bear in mind the count down will just start AFTER the first time the
thermistor temperature is over the target, so you will have no problem
if your extruder heater takes 2 minutes to hit the target on heating.

In some cases the Bed Heater FET heats up more then stepper drivers, so
this change add the bed monitoring to the controller fan. As soon as the
bed heater is turned on, the controller fan will run as well.

If "SHOW_TEMP_ADC_VALUES" is defined in Configuration_adv.h, the M105
command will present, after tradicional temperatures, the ADC value read
from temp sensors. This is great for adjusting thermistor tables with
thermocouple.

From Pronterface you can see the ADC value and compare with a
thermocouple reading.. then you just need to create your own thermistor
table.

Since this merge doesnt change the original information, it doesnt mess
with PC software parsing (tested under Pronterface and Repetier-Host).

It is a realtime control over the head position via the LCD menu system that works _while_ printing.
Using it, one can e.g. tune the z-position in realtime, while printing the first layer.
Also, lost steps can be manually added/removed, but thats not the prime feature.
Stuff is placed into the Tune->Babystep *

It is not possible to have realtime control via gcode sending due to the buffering, so I did not include a gcode yet. However, it could be added, but it movements will not be realtime then.

Historically, a very similar thing was implemented for the "Kaamermaker" project, while Joris was babysitting his offspring, hence the name.

say goodby to fuddling around with the z-axis.

Diffed and merged, preserving my updates

Add new 'callback' edit-menu types that call a function after the edit is done. Use this to display and edit Ki and Kd correctly (removing the scaling first and reapplying it after). Also use it to reset maximum stepwise acceleration rates, after updating mm/s^2 rates via menus. (Previously, changes did nothing to affect planner unless saved back to EEPROM, and the machine reset).

Add calls to updatePID() so that PID loop uses updated values whether set by gcode (it already did this), or by restoring defaults, or loading from EEPROM (it didn't do those last two). Similarly, update the maximum step/s^2 accel rates when the mm/s^2 values are changed - whether by menu edits, restore defaults, or EEPROM read.

Refactor the acceleration rate update logic, and the PID scaling logic, into new functions that can be called from wherever, including the callbacks.

Add menu items to allow the z jerk and e jerk to be viewed/edited in the Control->Motion menu, as per xy jerk.

Conflicts:
	Marlin/language.h

Conflicts:

	Marlin/Configuration.h

M303 Starts autotune. Wait till the Kp Ki and Kd constants are printed.
Put these values in Configuration.h

advance and ultipanel not any more in default config

Soft PWM. (Sanguinololu can also have PID temperature control)
Interrupt save WRITE for addresses > 0x0FF

- The temperature control is pretty much complete
  (not sure what to do w/ autotemp though)
  Changed the pins assignment to clearly separate bed and extruder heaters
  and temp sensors, changed a bit how termistor tables are handled.
- The steppers control is rudimentary
  (only chanages what pins it uses depending on the active_extruder var,
   but that's enough for switching extruder in the start.gcode in the
   the profiles)
- Tested only w/ RAMPS 1.4

Found a couple of unused variables, that I commented.
Tried to solve the program memory warning message, and failed.

Might be replaced by something more clever, e.g. by erik, and does not yet support the second extruder or the bed.
its kind of not so cool, because you need 6 more ints.
Maybe isheating() should use the degrees directly, as it is not used in time-critical anyways.
Then it would be much easier. to have the offsets without additional variables.