Includes:
  *firmware version / branch / date.
  *extruder count
  *board information (name, serial details, power supply type)
  *thermistors (names, min/max temperatures)
  *printer statistics (PRINTCOUNTER details)

Thanks to @thinkyhead for contributions.

Following up on #3231

Currently we use the probe exclusively as a device to find the build platform(bed).
For the currently supported setups this means, we use it as a additional min-endstop.
A triggered when not deployed probe disturbs the homing process for max-endstops.

Rename ENDSTOPPULLUP_ZPROBE to ENDSTOPPULLUP_ZMIN_PROBE
Rename Z_PROBE_ENDSTOP_INVERTING to Z_MIN_PROBE_ENDSTOP_INVERTING
Rename Z_PROBE_ENDSTOP to Z_MIN_PROBE_ENDSTOP
Rename DISABLE_Z_PROBE_ENDSTOP to DISABLE_Z_MIN_PROBE_ENDSTOP
Rename Z_PROBE_REPEATABILITY_TEST to Z_MIN_PROBE_REPEATABILITY_TEST
Rename Z_PROBE_ENDSTOP to Z_MIN_PROBE_ENDSTOP
Adjust comments accordingly
Remove Z_MAX  check for the probe in update_endstops().

Using an delta related idea of @clefranc from #61,
extended to the general change for all setups.

Tested with Prusa i3, max-z-endstop and permanently triggered z-probe.
Worked for @clefranc's delta.

- `SD_DETECT_PIN` replaces `SDCARDDETECT`
- `SD_DETECT_INVERTED` replaces `SDCARDDETECTINVERTED`
- Revise the description of `SD_DETECT_INVERTED`
- Add a note about the override of `SD_DETECT_INVERTED` in
`Conditionals.h`

- Rename the pin so it can be tested with `PIN_EXISTS`
- Fix some incorrect tests for `SDCARDDETECT`

For consistency with other pins, allowing use of `PIN_EXISTS` macro.

Apply `ENABLED` / `DISABLED` / `HAS_SERVOS` macros to pins files.