Similar to the current Arduino HardwareSerial
but with max. 256 byte buffer-size.

Deactivated by default.

The boards with AT90USB processor (USBCON) already use a TX-buffer.

Add an emergency-command parser to MarlinSerial's RX interrupt.

The parser tries to find and execute M108,M112,M410 before the commands disappear in the RX-buffer.

To avoid false positives for M117, comments and commands followed by filenames (M23, M28, M30, M32, M33) are filtered.

This enables Marlin to receive and react on the Emergency command at all times - regardless of whether the buffers are full or not. It remains to convince hosts to send the commands. To inform the hosts about the new feature a new entry in the M115-report was made. "`EMERGENCY_CODES:M112,M108,M410;`".

The parser is fast. It only ever needs two switch decisions and one assignment of the new state for every character.

One problem remains. If the host has sent an incomplete line before sending an emergency command the emergency command could be omitted when the parser is in `state_IGNORE`.
In that case the host should send "\ncommand\n"

Also introduces M108 to break the waiting for the heaters in M109, M190 and M303.

Rename `cancel_heatup` to `wait_for_heatup` to better see the purpose.

Includes:
  *firmware version / branch / date.
  *extruder count
  *board information (name, serial details, power supply type)
  *thermistors (names, min/max temperatures)
  *printer statistics (PRINTCOUNTER details)

Thanks to @thinkyhead for contributions.

No compromises for the manage_heater(). manage_heater() will return immediately when there is nothing to do, but needs a constant detaT to work proper.
Calling idle() only every 200ms results in a display update every ~2 seconds - that should be enough.
For the other functionalities in idle() and manage_inactivity() 200ms is a lot but hopefully works.

Saves about 2669 bytes when deactivated. (About 1% for a AT2560, about __4%__ for a AT644!)

When setting the bed temp via M140/M190 if the thermistor does not read an increase of WATCH_BED_TEMP_INCREASE degrees by WATCH_BED_TEMP_PERIOD seconds then it will throw "Error:Heating failed, system stopped! Heater_ID: bed" and call the kill() function.

Conflicts:
	Marlin/Configuration_adv.h

Following up on #3231

follow-up the commit 7326d63ce0
update Configration_adv.h of Hephestos2
delete unnecessary spaces

Redo of #2939 rebased against RCBugFix

Make stepper shutdown after inactivity dependent on a new set of
#defines.
DISABLE_INACTIV_X
DISABLE_INACTIV_Y
DISABLE_INACTIV_Z
DISABLE_INACTIV_E

And make exemplaric Configuration.
Names can be discussed.

This makes the disabling of the steppers independent from the DISABLE_?
settings witch shut down the steppers immediately.

• Removing trailing whitespace
• Adjusting indention for better readability
• Removing duplicated entries

Analog to https://github.com/MarlinFirmware/MarlinDev/pull/250 by
@RicardoGA

Restore the Babystep Multiplicator functionality and now it's available
for X/Y/Z

only X and Y were not implemented

- `SD_DETECT_PIN` replaces `SDCARDDETECT`
- `SD_DETECT_INVERTED` replaces `SDCARDDETECTINVERTED`
- Revise the description of `SD_DETECT_INVERTED`
- Add a note about the override of `SD_DETECT_INVERTED` in
`Conditionals.h`

As suggested in #2521
- Move `ABORT_ON_ENDSTOP_HIT_FEATURE_ENABLED` because `SDSUPPORT` is
also required.
- Add a note that endstops must be enabled for the feature to have any
effect