This is an update of MarlinDev PR #196.

G20/21: support for switching input units between millimeters and
inches.
M149: support for changing input temperature units.

In support of these changes, code_value() and code_value_short() are
replaced with an array of functions which handle converting to the
proper types and/or units.

Only measure and store filament width when E is going forward.

Redo of #3268 by @jbrazio

Following up on #3231

Addressing #2773

Redo of #2939 rebased against RCBugFix

Introduce additional variable axis_homed to replace axix_known_position
when the coordinate display should indicate the axis is not homed.
This is to distinguish between "not homed" and "inexact position possible
because stepper was disabled".

# Conflicts:
#	Marlin/ultralcd_implementation_hitachi_HD44780.h
solved

Make the output of M105 more similar to Repetier.
Make the text-print pert of M105 an extra function to make it reusable. `print_heaterstates()`
Use `print_heaterstates()` in M019, M190 and M303

Keep "astyled" reformatting