Followup to #23112

Co-authored-by: Scott Lahteine <thinkyhead@users.noreply.github.com>

Followup to #23814

Co-authored-by: Scott Lahteine <github@thinkyhead.com>

* More patches supporting EXTRUDERS 0
* Extend types in prep for more axes

Co-authored-by: Scott Lahteine <thinkyhead@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-authored-by: Scott Lahteine <thinkyhead@users.noreply.github.com>

Fixes #17430

Saves 128 bytes in testing with `mftest mega 1 -y`

…And save backlash, fil. sensor, ExtUI userdata to EEPROM.

Allow `ENABLED`, `DISABLED`, `PIN_EXISTS`, and `BUTTON_EXISTS` to take multiple arguments. Also add:
- Alias `ANY(...)` for `!DISABLED(...)`
- Alias `ANY_PIN(...)` for `PIN_EXISTS(a) || PIN_EXISTS(b) ...`
- Alias `EITHER(A,B)` for `ANY(...)`
- Alias `ALL(...)` and `BOTH(A,B)` for `ENABLED(...)`
- `NONE(...)` for `DISABLED(...)`

- Ensure `MarlinUI:get_progress` is defined for `ExtUI`.
- Fix for `BACKLASH_SMOOTHING` with small segments.
  `BACKLASH_SMOOTHING` with extremely small segments failed to fully correct due to the correction factor being rounded down. Rounding up ensures the entire backlash will converge to zero even for small segments.
- Add pinout for the beta revision `EINSY_RETRO`.
- Update soft endstops with tool offsets (for toolchange et. al. move clamping) (#12568)

- Turn off bed leveling prior to calibrating.
    - This prevents lateral probes from having a Z component that
      triggers the Z endstop and causes the motion to be aborted.
- Got rid of static const float arrays "dimension" and "true_center"
    - Frees up 24 bytes of SRAM
- Changed incorrect use of "bool" for float in backlash macros.
    - Replaced arguments with 0.0f and 1.0f for clarity.
- Now only disables soft endstops (since calibration cube is outside of bed)
    - Not necessary to disable global endstops