Mostly from the L6470-oriented PR

RemRam needs to redefine a particular timer to work correctly. The HAL did foresee this possibility and checks if the timer was already defined for either the stepper or temperature timer.

Prior to this commit the header file for the timers couldn't see those definitions in the pin file, but this commit will fix this.

Tested on an actual hardware to verify. (It wouldn't boot without it.)

* Add support for MKS Robin TFT display

- Add support for MKS Robin TFT display and encoder for MKS Robin board.
- Generic 128x64 UI with x2 upscale is used (for now).
- Tested on MKS Robin TFT V2.0 with ST7789V controller.

Move `watchdog_reset` from `.h` to `.cpp` to eliminate the need to include `MarlinConfig.h` in a HAL-related file.

* Make ExtUI respect MAXTEMP limits
  - Temperatures are now clamped by MAXTEMP limits rather than arbitrary values.
* Speed up USB init, add status
  - Speed up USB initialization
  - Show status message if init failed
* Enable status messages for EXTENSIBLE_UI
* Adjust max limit to MAX_TEMP - 15
* Misc. tweaks to formatting, const, etc.

Implement initial support for MKS Robin (STM32F103ZET6) board.
Custom build script is used to generate encrypted firmware compatible with original MSK Robin bootloader (i.e. safe firmware update from SD card and possibility to go back to original close-source firmware).

- Added GPIO pins to Archim 2
- Added new 108 pin to `fastio_Due.h`

* Remove duplicate calls to PrepareSector

Some flash memory API calls require that a call to `PrepareSector` is done before use. However this call is already made by the LPC1768 framework so the calls in this code are not required.

* Ensure correct alignment of RAM buffer

The LPC176X flash API requires that the RAM buffer used for write operations must be word-aligned. This change ensures that this is the case.

Access to the DWT peripheral for the `CYCCNT` register needs to happen before `main()`. The code needs to be called after the setup of the system clocks, so the right place is between the `premain()` and `main()` function of the STM32 Arduino core.

This patch moves the DWT access code to a new function, which is then placed between `premain()` and `main()`.

* Make CardReader a static class
* Make CardReader flags into bitfields

* Group status methods, share reset_status with Extensible UI
* Move common DOGM code to headers

In reference to #11000

- In reference to #12166